(g) explain and use the term entropy
(h) discuss the effects on the entropy of a chemical system by the following:
(i) change in temperature
(ii) change in phase
(iii) change in the number of particles (especially for gaseous systems)
[quantitative treatment is not required]
(i) predict whether the entropy change for a given process or reaction is positive or negative
(j) state and use the equation involving standard Gibbs free energy change of reaction, ΔG⦵: ΔG⦵ = ΔH⦵ − TΔS⦵
[the calculation of standard entropy change, ΔS⦵, for a reaction using standard entropies, S⦵, is not required]
(k) state whether a reaction or process will be spontaneous by using the sign of ΔG⦵
(l) understand the limitations in the use of ΔG⦵ to predict the spontaneity of a reaction
(m) predict the effect of temperature change on the spontaneity of a reaction, given standard enthalpy and entropy changes